The United State War On Drugs - 1005 Words

The United States government has been wasting millions of dollars each year on a worthless war that cannot be won. This war is explained in detail by author Art Caden in their essay â€Å"Let’s Be Blunt† about the United State war on drugs. The war on drugs began in 1971 under the order of President Richard Nixon, and it was one of the worst decisions he ever made. It has been nothing but a waste of government funding, time, and manpower that can only be described as a dismal failure and should be repealed or at the very least medical marijuana should be made legal. The essay â€Å"Let’s Be Blunt† was written to show the flaws and failure of the war on drugs. I nits intro the essay takes a very pro drug legalization stance Caden states†Ã¢â‚¬ . Early on the author compares the current drug war to prohibition, the banning of alcohol decades ago. Caden compares the current drug related crime to the massive amount of crime that arose during prohibiti on. He claims that the bans on these substances are what cause the crime not the drug themselves. By having drugs do illegal it results in people have to resort to using underground and dangerous methods to obtain them which they clearly are willing to do. Next an argument is presented against the way the government goes about fighting this war. Stating that the government focus its efforts on catching â€Å"Mr. Big† a theoretical mastermind drug dealer responsible for the vast majority if drug sales. However such a person does not exist. FinallyShow MoreRelatedThe War On Drugs And The United States956 Words   |  4 PagesThe War on Drugs has become an epidemic today that has afflicted in the United States and the United Nations; both are influenced by international drug laws which preserve the criminal justice system. These new laws promote an ineffective policies on the war on drugs. Therefore, communities are locked while the promotion of illicit drugs become the dominat e framework to organized crimes. Today, the war on drugs continues to be an ongoing battle within our society. This paper will examine these issuesRead MoreThe War On Drugs And The United States1506 Words   |  7 Pages When, in 1971, Richard Nixon infamously declared a â€Å"war on drugs† it would have been nearly impossible for him to predict the collective sense of disapprobation which would come to accompany the now ubiquitous term. It would have been difficult for him to predict that the drug war would become a hot topic, a highly contentious and polarizing point of debate and, it would have difficult for him to predict that the United States would eventually become the prison capital of the world, incarceratingRead MoreDrug Wars : The United States1643 Words   |  7 PagesDrug Wars. When people hear the term â€Å"Drug Wars† they think that the cause of all the Drugs and Violence flowing through into the United States, is all Mexico’s fault, that Mexico is the cause of so many deaths and a War that the United States thinks it’s â€Å"Winning†, but they are not even making a little dent. Interestingly enough, Mexico is not the only cause of this War going o n around the Border, The United States plays a big role around the Drug Wars as well. THE TIES THE U.S. HAS WITH MEXICANRead MoreThe War On Drugs And The United States1555 Words   |  7 PagesThe War on Drugs has been an ongoing effect ever since the Civil War introduced the drug morphine to the world. In the years since people have been coming up with drugs more lethal than morphine such as cocaine, methamphetamine, heroin, and so on and so forth. The War on Drugs is dangerous and leads to many deaths throughout the years. America has set up agencies such as the Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) and other drug task force teams throughout the United States. Even though we may not be ableRead MoreThe War On Drugs And The United States1063 Words   |  5 PagesThe War on Drugs has become an epidemic today afflicting United States and the United Nations; which are swayed by global drug laws which preserve the criminal justice system. These new laws promote an ineffective policy on the war on drug. Therefore, communities are locked while the promotion of illicit drugs bec omes the dominate framework to organized crimes. Today, the war on drugs continues to be an ongoing battle within our society. This paper will examine these issues focusing primarily onRead MoreThe War On Drugs And The United States1063 Words   |  5 PagesThe War on Drugs has become an epidemic today afflicting United States and the United Nations; which are swayed by global drug laws which preserve the criminal justice system. These new laws promote an ineffective policies on the war on drug. Therefore, communities are locked while the promotion of illicit drugs becomes the dominate framework to organized crimes. Today, the war on drugs continues to be an ongoing battle within our society. This paper will examine these issues focusing primarily onRead MoreThe Drug War Of The United States1626 Words   |  7 PagesThe drug war in the U.S. has been waged on civil fronts for over four decades and has not only proven to be not only futile but at times even more damaging to society than the drugs themselves. The once virtuous intent of this ‘war’ has been corrupted by police unions and dirty politicians who have turned it into a carefully crafted system of capitalistic enterprise, designed push their political agenda by perpetuating the myth that drugs are the primary threat to our nation. Zero tolerance lawsRead MoreThe War On Drugs And The United States871 Words   |  4 Pages In the United States crime rates have been on a decline for years, but the United States still has the largest number of people incarcerated in the world. The â€Å"war on drugs† as well as policy’s by the government to be â€Å"tough on crime† has lead to the uprising of corporate prisons, which are known as for-profit prisons, and private prisons. Private prisons have also lead to States, and federal prisons to become worse when it comes to programs to rehabilitate those who are incarcerated, so thatRead MoreUnited States War On Drugs Essay1575 Words   |  7 PagesHumanities Independent Research Essay Thompson Lin Block B 10-1 Research Question: To what extent has the United States’ â€Å"War on Drugs† been successful in reducing illicit drug abuse in the country? The â€Å"War on Drugs† is a term generally referred in America to the campaign aiming to reduce drug abuse in the country. The term first appeared in July 18 1971, when former U.S. President Richard Nixon started the campaign. However, on April 9, 2015, President Obama publicly announced that the policyRead MoreThe War On Drugs And The United States Essay2046 Words   |  9 PagesFor many years, drugs have been the center of crime and the criminal justice system in the United States. Due to this widespread epidemic, President Richard Nixon declared the â€Å"War on Drugs† in 1971 with a campaign that promoted the prohibition of illicit substances and implemented policies to discourage the overall production, distribution, and consumption. The War on Drugs and the U.S. drug policy has experienced the most significant and complex challenges between criminal law and the values of

Case Study Marketing Mix And Marketing Plan - 2462 Words

Course Journal of ENTR 599.020 Yanliang Liu UMID# 00103354 Consulting is actually problem solving, is building a bridge between A side, problem and B side, solution. This bridge consists of 12 bricks: sell, engage, scope, plan, metrics, research, innovate, decide, manage, communicate, diversity and close. 1. Sell: convince customer to buy 1.1 Marketing: consist of 4 ingredients It is crucial for marketers to consider 4 P’s when coming up with a marketing plan: product, price, promotion and place. These 4 P’s, proposed by E. Jerome McCarthy in 1960, are ingredients of the marketing mix. A product could be a physical good or an intangible service. The product is the core of marketing. Marketers need to provide guidance on the wide and†¦show more content†¦Our client showed us a method of doing market segmentation quickly: asking everyone in the room to speak out the first thing they think of instantly when presenting word â€Å"transportation†, then you can easily get the market segmentation of transportation industry. ï‚Ÿ Apply BCG Matrix to choose product When deciding which product to develop or expand production, BCG Matrix is a useful tool that helps evaluation. In this case, the two factors in BCG Matrix should be growth potential and competition. 1.2 Sales There are few techniques during sales process: ï‚Ÿ Consultative Selling Most people’s first reaction to the sales person is rejection, no matter they need the product or not. A more natural way to approach customers is listening to them rather than forcing them to listen to you. Just ask what problem do they have and listen to customers’ issue and need. Spend time understanding their problems and give some solutions in the end. That would drive customers to your product naturally. ï‚Ÿ Aspirin is more popular than Vitamins Just like many students won’t start writing their homework until one day before the deadline, most people won’t seek for the solution until the problem is causing a headache. Compared to the benefit of a product, pain relieving feature is a sharp spur for buying. Therefore, it’s important to stress that your product is a pain reliever during the sales

Systematic Risk Management Process

Question: Discuss about the Systematic Risk Management Process. Answer: Introduction This particular report depicts the importance of adapting systematic project management approaches to mitigate the in-house plastic molding related issues that have been occurred in Omar Jibran engineering industry. In order to develop the project plan for this organization, the context of the project, a critical literature review on the risks of theautomotive industry are demonstrated in this report. From the previous studies made on in-house mold manufacturing, it has been found that, many risks are associated to this project. The report illustrates the type of the project, the processes of risk identification maintained, risk analysis and its evaluation capability. Omar Jibran engineering industry faces many issues while developing their organizational projects. However, this report is specified for only the In-house mold manufacturing project planning approach and not for all other projects that are preparing by the developers for this organization. Based on the type of risks, re quired analytical and risk management tools and processes are also recommended in this report. Organizational context In the automotive industry of Pakistan, Omar Jibran engineering company is found to be one of the foremost Injections Molded Plastic component vendors. After analyzing the internal factors of Omar Jibran engineering industry, it is found that, for sustainable growth of the business organization, in-house mold manufacturing process is required to be well facilitated. The production facility served by the organization is well designed and equipped as well. For the supply of molds and different tools that are required in production of in-house mold, the organization is dependent on other foreign companies in a large scale. The current manufacturing process is not efficient but after developing an in-house mold manufacturing plant both the cost and time will be reduced. After conducting this project the range of production and business opportunities will also be expanded at a large scale. In the initial project planning phase, a feasibility study has been conducted by the project developer, which implies that 10 million of US dollar is needed for the project completion of the project on in-house mold manufacturing. Moreover, for project planning and its successful implementation in Omar Jibran engineering, around 25 team members are required. The risk of the project, its proper identification, analysis and evaluation are conducted in this report. Literature review Omar Jibran engineering industry conducts many projects for their organizational development but after analyzing the internal factors of the business organization it has been found that, in-house mold manufacturing is one of the most essential projects that are required to be undertaken. Many issues are identified by Omar Jibran engineering, during accomplishment of its in-house mold manufacturing project. Due to lack of availability of suitable as well as qualified local workforce, the company is facing challenge in the competitive market. In order to overcome this challenge the company has scheduled advanced training and development program for their project team members. In order to identify and analyze other risks of in-house mold manufacturing previous studies on the similar subject is conducted efficiently. Annotated bibliography Malhotra, (2014) stated that risk management is referred to as a systematic approach that is used by different business organizations to identify, analysis and evaluate that risks to increase its brand value and market revenue. The literature review section of this report will elaborate the findings of different scholarly articles regarding systematic risk management approach. Risk identification Resource 2.1.1: Tan, M., Adem, A. and Da?deviren, M., 2016, December. Using the analytic hierarchy process (ahp) for supply chain risk management (scrm): a case study in automotive sector. Inlm-scm 2016 xiv International logistics and supply chain congress(p. 191) Discussion: This paper illustrated the analytic hierarchy process that is used for the supply chain risk management. This case study is about an automated sector where Systematic Risk Management is very important to handle difficult situation. Three major fields of risks are identified in this paper. These are material flow risk, financial flow risk, information flow risk etc. Not only this but also in this case, a valuable contrast has done, that is entirely focused on different global risk values. The linguistics scales and their intensity are also measured in this paper. In order to solve complex decision making approaches, the AHP model has been implemented to identify different risks. The aim of the model is to minimize the rate of risks by integrating supply chain with the business process. For analyzing the risks of in-house mold manufacturing process, two measures such as quantitative and qualitative analysis are undertaken by the project development teams. The global risk of supply chain, the weight values of the risk issues are clearly elaborated in this paper. However, it fails to find the inter-dependency of the risk fields. Resource 2.1.2: Babu, M.P. Sastry, S.H. 2014, June. Big data and predictive analytics in ERP systems for automating decision making process. InSoftware Engineering and Service Science (ICSESS), 2014 5th IEEE International Conference on(pp. 259-262). IEEE Discussion This paper focuses on the risk identification process of big data predictive analytics in the ERP system for automating decision making approaches. The inflexibility of the ERP systems are managed y identifying appropriate risks is also elaborated. In order to adapt the changes accordingly, to make the organizational system more flexible, ERP systems are acquired by different businesses. In the transactional programs the information of ERP system are becoming more voluminous. The predictive capacities of the ERP system with the potential risks of ERP are also elaborated in this paper. The predictive capabilities of the ERP system those are required to analyze the current and historical data are also eventually illustrated. Analytics decision management and different business rules are used to identify the risks of the ERP system. Though paper elaborated the risks but how to mitigate those risks is not clearly stated by the author. Resource 2.1.3: Chang, B., Kuo, C., Wu, C.H. Tzeng, G.H. 2015. Using fuzzy analytic network process to assess the risks in enterprise resource planning system implementationApplied Soft Computing,28, pp.196-207 Discussion This article focuses on identifying different risks levels for both the inter-organizational and intra-organizational culture while implementing ERP in the businesses. A research has been conducted to identify the potential risks of ERP system while it is using Fuzzy analytics network processes. The result of the research work implies that the main risk of ERP system is lack of support and involvement of the project team members in the planning phase. In order to identify the risks while implementing ERP in businesses Fuzzy Analytics Network Process (FANP) method is used by the organization. It reflects the crucial necessity of involvement of risk identification while implementing ERP system in businesses. The support of top level management authority are also elaborated I this paper. The final conclusion of this paper implies ways through which the enterprises have decreased the level of ERP risks by enhancing the culture among the enterprises. Resource 2.1.4: Bharathi, V., Raman, R. Pramod, D., 2014. A FPN Based Risk Assessment Model for ERP Implementation in Small and Medium Enterprises Discussion The paper is focuses on the risk assessment models with the help of selecting certain significant issues that have been raised in small to medium enterprises. The impacts of risks, which lead to ERP implementation failure, are also illustrated. In the visual basic application, this risks assessment model is used as an analytical tool for both the medium and large business organizations. While developing an ERP in enterprises, the implementation of risk assessment model is found to be very much necessary. The paper discussed all the five phases of risk model development. Quantitative data collection method is used to collect data from different survey questions. From previous studies, the risk assessment model is developed. The paper reflects that the risk assessment of ERP is dependent on the concept and business application of Fuzzy Petri Net (FPN). In order to mitigate the risks, how the SMEs are using this model is critically developed in this paper. After analyzing all the risk identification resources it has been found that, the qualitative determination of risks are one of the most important factors that is needed to be considered before implementing any process within the business organization. It will help to understand the potential impact of risk and how it might affect both the financial and strategic objectives of the business organization. Risk analysis and risk evaluation Resource 2.2 1 Chen, J., Hu, S. Xie, X., 2014. Risk evaluation model building of logistics financial business for the bank and empirical research.BioTechnology: An Indian Journal,10(9). Discussion For logistics financial businesses for different banking sector, the risk evaluation and risk analysis processes are elaborated in this article. The asymmetry between the banking domain and enterprises are also illustrated in this paper. Depending on the business study, it has been found that the logistics financial risk indicator and the index system from the pledge risks and the financial risk that support a large set of project risk assessment is elaborated in this paper with the help of fuzzy mathematics theory. Analytic hierarchy process or method is used by the developers to improve the supply chain management approach of the enterprises. Based on the severity and probability, the risks that have been identified for different organizations are plotted in the graphical risk management framework for its evaluation and analysis. The feasibility of the model is also illustrated to understand, how the business can achieve its goal without any error. Resource 2.2 2: Liu, H.C., Liu, L. Liu, N., 2013. Risk evaluation approaches in failure mode and effects analysis: A literature review.Expert systems with applications,40(2), pp.828-838. Discussion The failure mode and effects analysis is a risk assessment tool that is used to mitigate potential failure are elaborated in this paper. If the risk assessment process fails to meet the actual requirement or the approaches appropriately then, it will affect the entire business process. The literature those are published between 1992 and 2012 on FMEA, using classification framework are also elaborated in this paper. Even, future research direction is also illustrated in this paper. A classification framework is designed and the necessary short come and other different popular approaches are also illustrated in this paper. The traditional risk priority number method is used by the developers to analyze and evaluate different risk. The paper reflects on the main shortcomings, te most popular approaches and insufficiency in that approaches. Though the potential failure modes are identified but it fails to provide the mitigation approaches and the review of this academic works are not described. Resource 2.2 3: Chang, V. 2014. The business intelligence as a service in the cloud.Future Generation Computer Systems,37, pp.512-534. Discussion This paper elaborates different risks that are associated to business intelligence. The risk management process is referred to as one of the mist important tools that are widely used by both academic and real world applications. In order to examine risks within the business organizations, the first type business intelligence as a service using three different application programming interface, for simulate the histon model in elaborated in this paper. The improvement of performance over the desktop, considering the maintenance accuracy and investment analysis are also illustrated in this paper. In order to increase the risk management approaches different application business intelligence tools are illustrated in this paper. While constructing a project for any business organization it is necessary to consider the risks that might occur during the planning and implementation phase. With the help of proper business intelligence tools, previously determined issues of the business can be mitigated easily, is also illustrated in this paper. Resource 2.2 4: Oliveira, T., Thomas, M. and Espadanal, M., 2014. Assessing the determinants of cloud computing adoption: An analysis of the manufacturing and services sectors.Information Management,51(5), pp.497-510. Discussion This paper elaborates the importance of adapting risk analysis and risk evaluation tools that are necessary to mitigate the risks of cloud computing. Different factors are identified, while adapting the cloud computing in the business organizations. Though, before final implementation of the cloud computing technology in service and manufacturing sector, the systematic evaluation phases are evaluated in this paper. In addition to this, the determinants of cloud computing adaptation are also investigated here. The way through which the organizations are systematically using and evaluating the factors of cloud computing are determined in this report. A research model is developed for business organizations to develop the technical organization environment. The paper has successfully elaborated the diffusion of innovation, and the data required to evaluate the model are collected from 369 firms in Portugal after testing relevant hypothesis. After conducting a study on different literatures of risk analysis and evaluation it has been found that, once an enterprise successfully identifies the risks, the potential impact of those risks are needed to be accessed by the business organization. Based on the level of intensity, the enterprises must separate the risks into major and minor risks. The level o risk can be calculated from the below formulae: Risk level= Consequence X likelihood. Recommendations In order to mitigate the identified challenges or risks of in-house mold manufacturing project certain recommendations rather suggestions are provided. The recommendations over the identified risks are as follows: Training and development program: It has been found that Omar Jibran engineering industry does not have enough well trained employees in their project development team. In order to get commercial benefits from the competitive marketplace the organization should arrange schedule for proper training and development program. With the help of training and development programs the employees will be able to get commercial profit. Also with advanced training program the employees will be able to think critically. Technical development: The traditional manufacturing process served by Omar Jibran engineering is very much old fashioned. Technical development is needed to be adapted by the business organization to improve its existing process. Risk management: In order to mitigate all the issues from the core business area the management team of Omar Jibran engineering should consider different security measure of risk management framework. After considering the risk management framework, the company will be able to mitigate the risks efficiently. Biodegradability: As in the process of in-house mold manufacturing technique the plastics are melted in the liquid forms and then again as per the consumer requirements, the liquids are used to fill different shapes. As, plastic is referred to as a harmful product for the environment thus the company should use biodegradable plastics in their production approach. It will decrease the rate of harm. Recycle: Traditional plastics cannot be recycled thus these are not at all eco-friendly. Therefore, Omar Jibran engineering should use those plastics those can be recycled. Longevity: The quality of the products in terms of longevity and quantity is required to be incases to grab high number of consumers throughout. If the product longevity increases then, it will help the organization to increase the revenue. Temperature resistance: In high temperature plastic products can be melted. In order to reduce the rate of this issue, the feature of temperature resistance is one of the major measured which is required to be adapted. It will help the organization to gain competitive advantages from the marketplace. Apart from this, for the increased temperature, the longevity of the product will also increase. Suitable qualified local workforce: In order to mitigate the challenges related to the employees of Omar Jibran engineering, the company should hire expert project team members. In order to gain sustainable growth from the business, the in-house mold manufacturing mold project has been considered. From the reviews of risk management process, it is necessary to identify the probability and impact of risks and bad on that the risk management matrix is required to be plotted. Implementation of security and privacy: In order to gain sustainable business growth, security and privacy are the main measures that are required to be considered for any business organization. The confidential data of the employees and of the company are stored in the data warehouse. That server is required to be secured from the external attackers. In order to keep the data security proper encryption algorithm should be adapted. Conclusion From the overall discussion it can be concluded that Omar Jibran engineering company has adapted systematic risk management strategies to mitigate the challenges that have been identified during the evaluation of the in-house mold manufacturing project. From the previous study or from the literature review it has been found that based on the type of business practices, different organizations uses different tools and techniques for risk identification. Not only in identifying risks but also for risk analysis and evaluation different tools are techniques are unanimously used by the business organizations. Though the report has mentioned the key tools of risks identification and the research methodologies in terms of qualitative and quantitative but still, the processes of risk management are argued by different authors. Based on the impact of the risks, the risk management framework is also mentioned in this report. References Borges, A.F., Alvesb, F., Silva, C., Coelho, J.F., Simes, S. Bluepharma, I.F., 2015. Orodispersible films (ODFs): overall analysis with a multivariate Chemometric approach.Development of novel pharmaceutical forms for oral administration of bioactive agents, p.101. Ding, D.K., Tse, Y. Williams, M.R., 2014. The price discovery puzzle in offshore Yuan trading: different contributions for different contracts.Journal of Futures Markets,34(2), pp.103-123. Gamliel, A., Stack, J.P. Mumford, J.D., 2017. A Risk Management Framework for Plant Biosecurity. In Practical Tools for Plant and Food Biosecurit (pp. 97-119). Springer International Publishing. Huemann, M. Ringhofer, C., 2016. Challenge or Potential? Risk Identification in the Context of Sustainable Development: A Case Study. InManaging Project Risks for Competitive Advantage in Changing Business Environments(pp. 87-105). IGI Global. Kailashiya, J., Singh, N., Singh, S.K., Agrawal, V. Dash, D., 2015. Graphene oxide-based biosensor for detection of platelet-derived microparticles: A potential tool for thrombus risk identification.Biosensors and Bioelectronics,65, pp.274-280. Konig, A. Spinler, S., 2016. The effect of logistics outsourcing on the supply chain vulnerability of shippers: Development of a conceptual risk management framework.The International Journal of Logistics Management,27(1), pp.122-141. Lam, J., 2014.Enterprise risk management: from incentives to controls. John Wiley Sons. Li, W., 2014.Risk assessment of power systems: models, methods, and applications. John Wiley Sons. Li, W., Sankarasubramanian, A., Ranjithan, R.S. Brill, E.D., 2014. Improved regional water management utilizing climate forecasts: An interbasin transfer model with a risk management framework.Water Resources Research,50(8), pp.6810-6827. Malhotra, Y., 2014.A Risk Management Framework for Penetration Testing of Global Banking Finance Networks Voice over Internet Protocols. Technical Report. 2014a. Global Risk Management Network, LLC, New York. McNeil, A.J., Frey, R. Embrechts, P., 2015.Quantitative risk management: Concepts, techniques and tools. Princeton university press. Myers, J. 2016. The long-term safe management of rural shit.Sustainable Sanitation for All: Experiences, challenges, and innovations, 139. Nimoh, F., Poku, K., Ohene-Yankyera, K., Konradsen, F. Abaidoo, R.C., 2014. Households Latrine Preference and Financing Mechanisms in Peri-urban Ghana. Thalmann, S., Manhart, M., Ceravolo, P. Azzini, A., 2014. An integrated risk management framework: measuring the success of organizational knowledge protection.International Journal of Knowledge Management (IJKM),10(2), pp.28-42. Thomson, R.E. Emery, W.J., 2014.Data analysis methods in physical oceanography. Newnes. Waller, R. ed., 2013.Low-probability high-consequence risk analysis: Issues, methods, and case studies(Vol. 2). Springer Science Business Media. Watts Jr, J.M. Hall Jr, J.R., 2016. Introduction to fire risk analysis. InSFPE Handbook of Fire Protection Engineering(pp. 2817-2826). Springer New York.

Social Darwinism In American History Essays - Herbert Spencer

Social Darwinism in American History Toward the end of the 19th century, the United States entered a period of growth and industrialisation. An abundance of natural recourses, cheap labour supply, and a self-sufficient food supply contributed to the industrialisation of the United States. This time was known as the American Industrial Revolution. Due to the growing prosperity of the United States, the American people, in general, adopted a heavily opportunistic and an excessively materialistic view towards life. Charles Darwin, a British naturalist, developed a theory of evolution through the process of natural selection. His ideas were presented to the public through several manuscripts that he wrote towards the late 19th century. The Origin of the species was one such manuscript, in which Darwin presented his idea that species evolve from more primitive species through the process of natural selection. When Charles Darwin's The Origin of Species reached the United States following its publication in 1859, the reading public quickly gave it a popular reception. The Americans had observed the disarray over political issues in the period before and during the Civil War, and had experienced many hardships later during the Reconstruction in the South. They were now ready to listen to theories that allowed them to enjoy their great, recently settled continent and the new industries that sprang up within it. It was during this age of rapid and remarkable change that Darwin's theories were popular ised in the United States. Darwin developed a theory of evolution through natural selection, in which only the fittest would survive. Although Charles Darwin himself did not write about social factors such as human behaviour in society, his theories were open to interpretation. His ideas were moulded and eventually evolved into a theory known as Social Darwinism. Social Darwinists believed that people, like animals, compete for survival and those who become rich and powerful are the ?fittest' while those left behind in the lower classes must necessarily be "less fit". Social Darwinists came to believe that that human progress depended on competition. It was believed that "Nature would provide that the best competitors in a competitive situation would win, and that this process would lead to continuing improvement" (Hofstadter 6). Darwin's theories on the "Survival of the Fittest", interpreted as Social Darwinism, were applied by the American people in the context of their social, ec onomic and political development during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Social Theories Darwinism exerted a profound effect upon America's social ideology. Darwin's theories played an important role in the American's usage of eugenics and in the justification of racial and sexist separateness. Eugenics, the study of human heredity, aimed at "improving" the human race, proved to be one of the most enduring aspects of Social Darwinism. Darwin's theory of natural selection had greatly stimulated the study of heredity. Early eugenicists accepted the identification of the "fit" with the upper classes and the "unfit" with the lower classes. They contributed the economic deceleration at the end of the century to the increased immigration from countries of "inferior" stock. The American Eugenics Society (A.E.S.), founded in 1924, supported the idea that the wealth and social position of the upper classes was justified by their superior genetic capabilities. They pushed sterilisation laws and laws that severely limited immigration into the U.S. from countries that were not racia lly "pure". Between 1911 and 1930, 24 states passed sterilisation laws aimed at the mentally retarded, criminals, and the insane ("Eugenics"). William E. Kellicot spoke for the majority when he stated that " the Eugenicist believes that no other single factor in determining social conditions and practices approaches in importance that of racial structural integrity and sanity" (Hofstadter 163). The general belief of those that followed the A.E.S. was that the United States could only reach its highest potential if the nation was comprised of the racially pure "American type" (Hofstadter 163). The interpretation of Darwin's theory of the "survival of the fittest" not only justified views on eugenics, but also on racist and sexist ideas. The American Eugenics Society urged the passing of laws that restricted marriages between different racial groups. The United States was made up of a people long familiar with Indian warfare and southern slavery. These experiences had

Binoy Study Essays

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First there was the Premium1188 Words5 PagesCategory: Business amp; Economy Impact Of Information Technology On Society APPLICATION OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND IMPACT ON INDIVIDUALS, SOCIETY AND ORGANIZATIONS This essay seeks to evaluate application of IT in a chosen workplace Premium1304 Words6 PagesCategory: Computers amp; Internet * Impact Of Information Technology On University Students We the undersigned students were assigned to prepare a report on Impact of Information Technology on University Students we have prepared this report. In preparing Premium3581 Words15 PagesCategory: Education The Impact Of Information Technology On Organisations’ Audit Processes with the goals (Pathak, 2005). 4. 0 Changing Roles of the auditors The impact of information technology on Organisations audit processes, 2012 Page | 2 Due Premium2746 Words11 PagesCategory: Business amp; Economy * The Impact Of Information Technology : Values Valu01A Section/Time: A55 MWF 6 to 7pm The Impact of Information Technology on Values of the People Table of Contents Title Page Table of Premium2703 Words11 PagesCategory: Business amp; Economy

Pure, Per Se and Natural Monopolies

Pure, Per Se and Natural Monopolies Introduction Today’s economies need to evaluate and analyze effects influenced by decisions made in production, consumption or relatively all production and marketing activities. Economic agents interact in the production and marketing environments and a particular agent decision can have an influence to social-economic effects on the other (Externalities and policy, nd).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Pure, Per Se and Natural Monopolies specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More These influences and effects are regarded as the externalities. This means are effects beyond production or consumption of a project, firm, industry or individual spectrum (Mankiw, 2008). Externalities effects can be positive or negative. Negative externalities are actually painful to the immediate agent. Governments through its institutions need to develop and implement policies to curb negative externalities effects that could other wise cause malfunction of another economic agent. As a policy maker concerned with correcting externalities relating to gases and particularly emitted by local power plants, various policies need to be developed and enforced. Policies to curb negative externalities due gases emission and consumption thus will lessen the overall effects to other agents still maintaining and maximizing the economic activity. Policies to reduce the total amount of emissions There are many costs related to the production and the consumption of gases. For example damage of the environment and risk of explosive gases emission and levels. Some of the policies to be developed include pure, per se and natural monopoly market structure policy and an environmental policy. Monopoly market structure policy Because the competitive economy of emission and the production of gases in presence of externalities are inefficient, fighting externalities through monopoly structure policy is legitimate. In this monopoly ma rket structure policy, objectively target to shift production levels into a more social-economic level (Hirshleifer et al., 2005). This will further reduce reduction. Market inefficiency in competitive economies regarding production of gases occurs due to production more that the market demand and thus increasing the negative externalities. The policy will reduce production of gases because the monopoly industry will produce enough to meet market demand.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Only one firm will be provided with the license to produce gases under pure, per se or natural monopoly bases. Government can franchise international company to engage in the production and benefit the monopoly powers. Conversely, there are various costs related to monopoly market structure. Bearing in mind the industry produce enough for consumption, it still possesses powe rs to regulate prices thereby assuming the role of capitalistic market system (Hirshleifer et al., 2005). In fact, the industry is responsible in setting prices and not the demand supply mechanism in the market. Environmental policy The policy acts as externality control policy. Environment policy is usually also referred to as targeting policy (Riley, 2006). The policy involves deciding economic variables such as prices or outputs regulated in an attempt to control externalities. Developed policy reduces production by giving quotas to the involved firms. Further as argued by Zilberman, (2002) production level is curtailed by applying taxes and subsidies to regulate or reduce production. Environment policy targets outputs reduction, inputs or externality generating activity to reduce overexploitation thereby reducing production levels. Government measure and calculate the pollution produced per unit of outputs and set tax percentage on the output to achieve externality reduction tax . Conversely, there are various cost related to environmental policy. According to Riley, (2006) one cost is that the government institution may find it’s difficult in estimating the degree of pollution or externality thereby causing underestimation or over estimations. In addition, increase in taxes and giving of subsidies may drive firms from the industry decreasing production levels lower than demand (Riley, 2006). This causes inefficiency in the market and under utilization of resources. Conclusion Externalities are usually connected to market failures. Usually, when externalities prevail and the policies are instituted to curb effects, prices do not reflect the true marginal costs. Ideally, many policies lead to erosion of competitive economy spirit leading to low production and consumption levels.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Pure, Per Se and Natural Monopolies specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The benefits of producing and consuming gases do not only benefit the producer or consumer. The economic activity may bring fourth other negatives to the consumer. Thus immediate policies need to be formulated to protect other economic agents such as consumer and the social ecological systems. Government should therefore reduce or internalize the main externalities through adoption of various policies. The above policies, market structure policies and environment policies would reduce externalities due to production and emission of gases. References â€Å"Externalities and policy† (nd). Negative externalities and policy. Web. Hirshleifer, J, Glazer, A., Hirshleifer, D.A, (2005). Theory and Applications: Decisions, Markets, and Information. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,  Mankiw, N. G. (2008). Principles of economics. New Jersey: Cengage Learning. Riley, G. (September 2006). Externalities Government Policy Options. Markets Market Systems. Eton College Web. Zilb erman, D. F. (2002). Negative externalities and policy. University of California. Web.

Reflective Experience Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Reflective Experience - Assignment Example en defined by many to mean a situation where self evaluation on the set goals in a given setting, can be applied at any time in the course line of anybody (Cunningham, 2008). In my theoretical studies I got this meaning that learning is evaluated on the end of semester exams but with field and writings of the likes of Billie Cunningham, then a lot needs to be done on the side of the lecturer. The lecture is everything in the success of the learning process not in giving powerful lectures but in creating that atmosphere that enable each student to be a very participative one in class (Edmonds, 2005). The lecturer is to provide structures and guidelines to facilitate the students do the learning themselves. Any consultative work is to the part of the lecturer. I concur with the effect that action research is a self researching basis whereby the lecturer takes time to think on the ways and means viable to carry out a goal he wants to achieve concerning the class he is teaching (Cunningham, 2008). For this course, the lecturer will be involved in a series of events. I have this feeling that though the action research is highly recommended, its success is only valid if the right steps are taken into consideration fail to which the whole process if futile. Design and implementation is the bottom line for the success of this process. The lecturer, as Cunningham gives in the example, needs to design an outline i.e. the reasoning and planning of the goals to be achieved have to be clearly out lined. This includes anything that will amount to consolidating the class members. Mostly classes are made of different characters whom some are easily distracted while others are very apt and all needs to be put in a platform which they can move together in a harmonious way. This will include a person response calculation and as a lecturer I would put this as a point forward in engaging the class throughout the semester. Upon understanding the setting and needs of the class

Self-Reliance of the Individuals Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Self-Reliance of the Individuals - Essay Example Similar to what an artist does, inscribing the content of their minds into a surface and eventually producing a beautiful work of art, similarly people should let their inner drives move them so that the beauty of their minds and soul can be manifested to the world (). Further, even God’s intention when he created the world was that people would exploit their potentials, though doing what is their best in whatever they seek to engage in, considering that God’s work cannot be executed by cowards. Therefore, the essence of the soul and mind that we have been granted by God is to become self-reliant on our own, because what we have been granted is by itself very adequate to enable us to become the best there can be in whatever we set our minds on. As a matter of fact, man only finds peace in the things that he has done to his best (). Whatever else that man does out of the influence of others, he shall always feel ashamed and discontented. Similarly to what infants and sma ll babies are, that is what the life of humans is supposed to be. The life of infants and small babies does not conform to other people’s lives but rather influences others to emulate their lives (). In this respect, infants and small children have been able to live an authentic life, which is contrary to the life that adults live, the life of conforming to the external environment, rather than influencing the environment to conform to their lives.  

The Foundations of Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Foundations of Business - Essay Example When it launched the iPhone, the smartphone industry was revolutionized and debunked Blackberry as the market leader in the smartphone industry. It did not only beat competition in functionality but also in design that made Apple an iconic brand. Apple also created markets and industry for its products that did not even exist before. For example, it created the tablet industry with its iPad. Its creator Steve Jobs was severely criticized that the product will not be successful in the market. Steve Jobs and Apple however proved their critics wrong when the iPad became successful that its competitors followed suit. In sum, Apple’s success can be attributed to its radical and revolutionary innovation among its products. It also created new industry such as the computer tablet industry with its new iPad. The combination of innovation and pioneering made Apple successful. It is no wonder that Apple has replaced Coca Cola as most preferred brand

Regulation of Air Transport Economic Rationale and Impact

Regulation of Air Transport Economic Rationale and Impact David Grant To understand what was in the minds of those who conceived and developed economic regulations for air transport, a good place to start is the Second World War. Chicago The aviation industry was experiencing its second period of very rapid technological development, the first such period having occurred during World War I. In 1944, it was clear that aviation would play a much bigger role during peacetime after the war, than it had done before the war. The tide of the war had turned and there was a sense that it would soon be over (The History Place, 2014). The minds of world leaders began to focus on post-war matters. The world had been through two wars in close succession and there was a determination that this cycle should not be repeated. In his ‘State of the Union’ message to congress, on 11 January 1944, President Roosevelt said â€Å"We are united in determination that this war shall not be followed by another interim which leads to new disaster- that we shall not repeat the tragic errors of ostrich isolationism† (Peters G and Woolley J, 2014). In November of that year, the United States took a very practical step to address isolationism. It convened a meeting at Chicago to discuss post-war aviation. Delegates from 52 nations attended and discussed the challenges facing international civil aviation. The conference lasted longer than expected but, in the end, it achieved two things: an international agreement, referred to as the Chicago Convention; and, a new organisation, the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) to oversee international civil aviation (ICAO, 2014). The sentiment expressed earlier in the year by President Roosevelt was encapsulated in the preamble to the Chicago Convention: â€Å". . . whereas it is desirable to avoid friction and to promote that cooperation between nations and peoples upon which the peace of the world depends; therefore, the undersigned governments having agreed on certain principles and arrangements in order that international civil aviation may be developed in a safe and orderly manner . . . and operated soundly and economically; have accordingly concluded this convention . . . † (ICAO, 2014). In respect of an economic rationale for the work that had been done, Adolf Berle, a close advisor to President Roosevelt wrote after the conference: â€Å"a substantial beginning has been made towards opening the air to commerce. It is not too much to say that we entered the Conference in the law and atmosphere of the 17th century; and we came out with a fair prospect of obtaining 20th century conditions. Faithfully yours, ADoux A. BERLE, JR.â€Å" (United States Department of State, 2014) Scope of Regulation The scope of what was agreed at the meeting was broad. It included, for example, the concept of the nationality of an aircraft. It agreed a global system of aircraft registration (that has obtained ever since) under which each nation was assigned a prefix (for example, the letters ‘EI’ and ‘EJ’ were assigned to Ireland) and that aircraft would be assigned a unique registration (for example, EI-AAA, EI-AAB, etc.) by their home nation and that the registration would be displayed prominently on every aircraft. The Chicago Convention was an agreement between nations. Outside of its scope was the question of which airlines flew where and what fares they charged. Domestically, in the US, that function was performed by the Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB) under 1938 legislation. Internationally, it was to be managed by means of bilateral agreements. A standard form of bilateral agreement was prepared by the Chicago meeting (ICAO, 2014). In 1945 the International Air Transport Association (IATA) was founded and took on the role setting fares. The first IATA fare-setting conference was held in 1947. Aviation grew rapidly over the following decades and IATA’s work expanded. By the 1970s, the IATA conference had become a mammoth undertaking and was approving and publishing 200,000 passenger fares and 100,000 cargo fares (Tiernan, 2013). Small Government A majority of Americans (54%) believe that government interferes too much in society and in business (Gallup, 2013). Small government is a philosophy the main tenet of which is that government should get involved in as little as possible and should stay out of the way of business. In the United States, President Ronald Reagan was one if its main advocates (Boaz, 2004). The economic regulations contained in the Civil Aeronautics Act (1938) and the Chicago Convention (1944) lasted until 1978 when some of them were repealed by the Airline Deregulation Act. Although airline deregulation is clearly an initiative that was specific to the airline industry, it is useful to see it in the context of small government. The 1978 changes were consistent with a move towards small government. It was President Jimmy Carter who signed the act into law, towards the end of his presidency in October 1978, but it was Ronald Reagan who oversaw most of the resulting changes and is associated with deregulation in the public mind (Goetz and Dempsey, 1989). Scope of Deregulation The impression is abroad that airline deregulation, which commenced in 1978 and was further developed in 1992 and 2001, has eliminated economic regulation from the airline industry. This is untrue. Significant economic regulation remains, including: restrictions on foreign ownership of airlines, or cross-border consolidation of airlines; restrictions on foreign airlines providing domestic services; and, the tax-free status of aviation fuel. Airline Ownership Ownership of an airline in the US is regulated. No more than 25% of an airline may be owned by non-US citizen(s). In Europe, a similar provision exists but the upper limit on foreign ownership is 49% The economic rationale behind these rules has been presented variously as a wish to protect a fledgling industry or (in the US) military reliance on civilian airliners to provide supplemental capacity in time of war (GAO, 2013). However, one cannot but suspect that it is in fact protectionism of an industry that has in the past been regarded as a sort of national asset, a flag-carrier. The practical effect of these restrictions is to prevent cross-border airline mergers, acquisitions and investments. Cabotage The Chicago Convention specifically outlawed cabotage, i.e., the carriage of passengers (or freight) within the territory of another state. Since then, other developments have reduced the impact of this restriction, most notably European Union treaties which have created a single-market in EU member states so that cabotage restrictions no longer apply there and any EU-based carrier may operate services within the borders of any ether EU-state. This is not the case outside of the EU. Aer Lingus may not carry passenger between New York and San Francisco. Similarly, American Airlines may not carry passengers between points within the European Union. Fuel Tax Article 24 of the Chicago Convention stated that aviation fuel would be exempt from taxes. That article remains in force today. There is general agreement that the world’s climate is changing; and, that the cause is manmade. The proposed solution is ‘sustainable development’. The concept of sustainability is central to the subject of climate change. Sustainable development is defined as â€Å"development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs† (World Commission on Environment and Development 1987). Emissions from aircraft engines are one of the causes of climate change. The most significant emission (from the perspective of climate change) is CO2 and it is estimated that the CO2 emissions from aviation represent about 2 percent of total CO2 emissions. This seems small, relative to the overall problem. However, two points are noteworthy: aviation is growing at a faster rate than other sectors and so it is estimated that this number could increase to as much as 10%; and, aviation deposits its CO2 directly into the upper atmosphere and so the impact on climate change may be greater than the numbers suggest. Understandably, pressure is building on the industry to reduce CO2 emissions. In particular, there are calls for the removal of Article 24 of the Chicago Convention in order to end the use of tax-free fuel which the industry has enjoyed for almost seventy years. A Note About Safety Between 1944 and today, the aviation industry has achieved significant improvement in its safety record. Passenger fatalities have dropped while the industry has been growing. Figure 1 graphs an index of fatalities relative to passenger number during sixty years between the year 1950 and 2010. Figure 1: index (passengers v fatalities) for 1950 to 1978 and for 1978 to 2010 The blue line indicates progress between 1950 and 1978, which was spectacular. Before deregulation, engineers and pilots had much more influence at airlines than they have today (McManners, 2012). The regulated environment that existed for 35 years (1944 and 1978) was one in which costs and profits were less important than they are today. In that environment, technical departments encountered less resistance when proposing safety-related initiatives than they might today. The red line indicates progress between 1978 and 2010 which has been less marked. This is not to suggest any causal relationship between deregulation and safety. It seems much more likely that the cause of the decline is the law of diminishing returns. One can only speculate about what the rate of progress might have been, had intense competition been introduced sooner. Summary of Impacts The significant impacts of economic regulation have been: The Chicago Convention, bilateral agreements and pre-agreed fares provided a framework for the safe development and growth of an international airline industry which might not have been possible in a free-for-all situation. Restrictions on airline ownership and on cabotage provided nations and airlines with a sense of control over airlines and domestic networks. This was a reasonable price to pay as it allowed nations and airlines to take risks and to develop the confidence to expand internatiomnally while secure in the knowledge that their airline(s) and home market were protected. The provision of tax-free fuel provided an environment in which the new international airline industry could grow more rapidly. This allowed aviation to grow market share and to catch up with other modes of transport. Now, given the need to make aviation sustainable, it may be time to change tax-free fuel. Conclusion Economic regulation has been good for the airline industry. It has served to protect it during a time when it needed to be nurtured and developed. If we look at airline economic regulation through the lens of small-government, deregulation, and market-is-king thinking of today, we are liable to miss the point. Better to look at it through the lens of a world still at war and the lenses of a group of 185 delegates from 52 nations; strangers who came together in a hotel in Chicago for five weeks and who between them had the belief, foresight and imagination to envisage something that didn’t yet exist. It does now. References Boaz D., 2004, Remembering Ronald Reagan, http://www.cato.org/publications/commentary/remembering-ronald-reagan Franklin D. Roosevelt: State of the Union Message to Congress, January 11, 1944. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=16518. [accessed, 21 May 2014] Gallup, 2013, http://www.gallup.com/poll/157481/majority-say-government-doing.aspx Goetz and Dempsey, 1989, Airline Deregulation Ten Years after: Something Foul in the Air, Journal of Air Law and Commerce, Vol. 54, No. 4, Summer 1989, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2229476 International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO), 2014, http://www.icao.int/secretariat/PostalHistory/1944_the_chicago_convention.htm [accessed 21 May 2014]; and, http://www.icao.int/publications/Documents/7300_orig.pdf 9accessed 22 May 2014] McManners, Peter (2012) Fly and be Damned: What Now for Aviation and Climate Change? London: Zed Books. The History Place, http://www.historyplace.com/worldhistory/genocide/holocaust.htm [accessed, 22 May 2014] Tiernan S, 2013, University of Limerick, MBA (Aviation Management) class notes. United States Department of State / Foreign relations of the United States diplomatic papers, 1944. General: economic and social matters (1944) Preliminary and exploratory discussions regarding international civil aviation; conference held at Chicago, November 1-December 7, 1944, pp. 355-613, http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/cgi-bin/FRUS/FRUS-idx?type=turnid=FRUS.FRUS1944v02entity=FRUS.FRUS1944v02.p0622isize=text [accessed, 22 May 2014] US Government Accountability Office (GAO), INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS: Issues Relating to Foreign Investment and Control of U.S. Airlines GAO-04-34R: Published: Oct 30, 2003. Publicly Released: Dec 1, 2003. http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-04-34R World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED) (1987) Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development: Our Common Future, USA: WCED (http://www.un-documents.net/our-common-future.pdf) 1. What is the economic rationale for the regulation of air transport markets? What impacts have regulations had? Question: Do you mean what was the economic rationale etc. in so far as most economic regulation is now gone, so this would be an essay about pre-deregulation times? Answer: The essay is looking for a more general perspective on the arguments put forward for government intervention in transport markets – so you can cover past and present experiences and economic rationales – many of the historical arguments may no longer be valid, but it is worth rehearsing that they may have been appropriate given the stage of development of say, the airline industry in the 1930s/40s. You have considerable flexibility in what you cover in your essay. 2. Outline the role and impact of network structure on airline behaviour and performance. Role? Impact? Network Structure? Airline behaviour? P2P = no bag transfer; no responsibility for lateness Airline performance? therefore fewer bags lost and therefore better performance; therefore no obligation to late passengers The role of landing fees in influencing network type Paradox re full-service versus point-to-point; Eight flights make 45 markets Global hubs: the gulf and now Turkey? 3. How and why might you undertake a cost analysis of an airline? What difficulties might arise in undertaking such an analysis? Question: Is it the case that I am invited in by the airline to do the analysis and therefore will have access to all financial data; or, is it that I am doing the analysis from outside the airline with access to only published data? Answer: I am not imposing any particular perspective for the 2nd question – you might outline why cost analysis is useful for a firm as well as for regulators or industry analysts. You can discuss the data requirements for undertaking such analyses and the likelihood of these data being available. Again, you have considerable scope to shape the essay any way that you wish. How? Why costs analysis is useful for a firm For a regulator For an industry analyst The data requirements and the likelihood of it being available Standard way of comparing? Legacy costs at the legacy carriers The difficulties? 4. Are airline markets inherently unprofitable? Please explain your answer. No! it just seems that way! Is it infrastructure if is it business? Chicago Conference Sum of profits to date = losses; compare that with other industry(s) Yield management systems better; sell cheap seats first? Supermarket does the opposite (perishable product?!) United Airlines +/-1 pax model Cyclical? Demand is derived; Is there another industry that is the same? Car rental? hotels? The next step after flag carriers; the airline owner! Nike Lauda; Richard Branson; executive jet (Gates v Trump); Howard Hughes In the context of a sector where the other four elements (manufacturers; financiers; airports and MRO etc.) do make money? Parallel? NB, take a holistic view it is profitable Page 1 of 11

Death of a salesman on the American Dream

The American dream has stood to be each person's idea of success. The American dream is usually associated with 1940's America depiction of the ideal family, as can be depicted from television shows such as Leave it to Beaver. However, this is one aspect and shallow analysis of the American dream that is not appropriate for all reaching to achieve their American dream. In Arthur Miller's Death ofa Salesman, Miller succeeds in portraying this through the characters Willy and Biff.Their conflict represents two varying perspectives of the American dream, and this very struggle eads to the conclusion that the American dream is rooted in the pursuit of a better life. Throughout Death of a Salesman, Miller portrays two ideas of the American dreams and it is definite that they are â€Å"American dreams† as they both deal with success and that character's idea of success. Though, this is where characters' views differ and conflict with one another.Willys American dream is to have his children succeed and to leave his imprint on the society which he was unable to succeed in doing so in a life long career as a salesman. Furthermore, Willy lived in the ideology that being well liked† was far more important and and necessary than being a Bernard type of person and make a living based on his studies. Willys belief and encouragement of this ideology upon his sons influenced Biff immensely. As a result, Biff did not put the effort into his studies that would have enabled him to pass math and graduate high school and move on to a university.Willy says, â€Å"Because the man who makes an appearance in the business world, the man who creates personal interest, is the man who gets ahead. Be liked and you will never want. You take me, for instance. I never have to wait in line to see a buyer. Willy Loman is here! † That's all they have to know and I go right through. † (Act 1) According to Willy, someone who is capable of invoking personal interest in tho se around them will be more successful regardless of one's knowledge or intelligence.Biffs American dream is to free himself from the barriers of expectations, specifically those of his father. To free himself from his father's desired dream for him and move towards his own chosen life which is to live and own a ranch is the country. However, Biff only came to realize his dream later in his adult life as opposed to only pleasing is father as he did as a child. It was only after the calamity of discover his father's affair did Biff drift away from Willys expectations.It is as he becomes resolute to follow his own dreams rather than his father's expectations he says, â€Å"Will you let me go, for Christ's sake? Will you take that phony dream and burn it before something happens. † (Act 2) This statement come from his final conversation with his father as Biff shows his last attempt to show Willy the he is not the person he thought Biff would be. Nevertheless, it was fear of Bif f defecting from becoming the ideal person Willy dreamed Biff would be that lead Willy to his downfall.As well as the crumbling of Willys American dream for Biff. The final message of Death of a Salesman is that a person's American dream is whatever one perceives it means be successful. Fear of displacement from that Biff not becoming successful defined by Willys expectations for him, and such fear can destroy one's American dream. Had it not been for Willys insistence on Biff to follow his ideology and become his father's expectations, Biff would not have disregarded his studies and would have been able to graduate high school, and ecome successful in his own way.Biffs American dream differs from that of the standard set by the†American dream† of 1940s America. The lifestyle viewed as being the family of an American citizen of that time would be a young man, a young woman, with three adorable children in the suburbs. However, Biff seems content with living like this, as the lifestyle depicted to be the goals of the American people are not suitable to him. The American dream depicted by the society of that time is Just one of many interpretations of the true American dream: the pursuit of a happy life.

Why Did Men Continue to Fight in Ww1?

Why did men continue to fight in WWI? The Great War was fought between 1914 until 1918. It took the lives of millions of men and it is said to have had horrible conditions, the question still remains. Why did men continue to fight in the Great War? Was it because of their discipline in the army? Did they fight because of their friends in the army? Or were the conditions in the trenches not as bad as people say they were? This essay will argue that, even though all of these reasons were very important, the main reason men continued to fight was army discipline and comradeship.Army discipline was definitely an important factor for why men continued to fight. The army aimed to keep soldiers as disciplined as possible, therefore they made severe punishments for misbehaviour. For example, if soldiers refused to walk through â€Å"no mans land† the punishment would be to be shot by a firing squad, the firing squad would be your own battalion. This would be done to increase the disci pline of the rest of the battalion. They knew that if they were to disobey orders their friends and comrades would shoot them.However, around five million men served in the British army during the war; out of all these men, 3080 men were sentenced to death but only 364 were actually executed. This evidence suggests that perhaps army discipline was not the most important factor, however, 364 men might have scared most men enough to not disobey orders. The conditions of the trenches were said to be horrific and devastating, however the British army had very high standards of cleanliness and they were aware of what the soldiers needed to keep on fighting.They aimed to keep morale as high as possible and therefore provided more than sufficient amount of food, very good medical care, and tried to generally make the soldiers’ living conditions better. Efforts were made to keep the trenches cleaner; for example, rats were a big issue at the beginning of the war but as the war progre ssed, they were quickly eliminated from the trenches. Lice were also a problem so they fumigated, washed and ironed soldiers’ uniforms when they came out of the line. Since soldiers got taken care of, this was definitely one of the reasons they continued to fight, or at least made ighting more bearable. The men who fought in the war would often make friends in their battalions. This would definitely keep the men strong and able to fight. The soldiers did not want to let their friends down, and they all wanted to fight for their fellow soldiers. None of them wanted to die, but it was worst to die alone without their friends. They fought to keep their friends and themselves alive, so they could bear the war in the company of people they cared for. Sometimes, soldiers became such good friends, they went mad if their friend died, or they would continue to see each other after the war.Comradeship was a very important factor that helped them get through the war. You cannot generali ze why men continued to fight. Different men fought for different things. But most men probably fought for various reasons. The fact that the conditions were not so bad probably helped men a lot, as well as being able to fight with their friends. But the fear of death by the hand of their friends was probably what drove most people to keep on fighting in the war. It probably also helped other soldiers encourage their friends to keep on fighting, and therefore army discipline and comradeship are the most important causes.

Last Minute Guide to Cramming for the ACT 10 Tips

Last Minute Guide to Cramming for the ACT 10 Tips SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips The ACT is upon us, and it seems fair to assume (since you're reading this article) that you're under-prepared. If you've got less than three weeks before the exam and haven't really studied yet, you're officially cramming for the ACT. Now, if you're willing and able to put in some 60 hours of preparation before the test, take a moment to read our cram plan for those very circumstances. If that doesn't sound realistic for your circumstances, though, read on to discover the most useful strategies you can employ to get up to speed on the test in a pinch. We'll cover tips specific to each part of the test, as well as some global advice on topics like guessing and keeping a level head on test day. General Guidance:Work Hard, Rest Well It's important to put serious, committed effort into cramming for the ACT.You should go all out on the test, and you need to practice what that's really like. Plus, with limited time, you need to work especially hard to make the most of your studying. However, it's important to take care of yourself, too.A day or two before the test, slow down the pace. Don't stop preparation altogether, but focus on recuperating from the past several days of pushing so hard. Focus on getting good sleep. It takes more than just one night to catch up on those z's, and fatigue is not your friend on test day. Pay attention to your mindset. As cheesy as this may sound, ask yourself whether you're looking at the test through the lens of a glass half-empty or a glass half-full. Remember, this is an opportunity to excel at the test. Pay attention to your stress level, too. Nerves are healthy- they can give us the adrenaline we need to complete Herculean tasks. Pure stress is less helpful- it freezes us up and tears us down. Finally, take a realistic view of the test. It's important; I'm definitely not denyingthat. However, it's not a matter of life and death- so don't treat it like one. Wear your reality goggles when you look at the test. Preparation Strategies Let's talk about some specific, actionable steps to take between now and the test. #1: Take a Practice Test This is a crucial step; taking a practice testwill help you get used to the format and directions of the test, not to mention practice the content. You don't want to spend a lot of time sorting through instructions on test day, so use the practice test to work out any kinks. Also, knowing what you're up against on the test will help ease the anxiety you're likely to feel. For every answer you get wrong, take the time to read the explanation ofwhy that answer is wrong. This is an important first step towards understanding the way the test-makers think. Use your performance on each section to determine which task (English, Math, Reading, Science, or Writing) is your weakest. Focus your energy there. #2: Practice, Practice, and Practice Some More Practice with sample problems, and drill the ones that are a challenge for you. That being said, don't burn yourself out; try to situate yourself in the sweet spotof studying, between about one andthreehours a day(on average). There's more information on what to practice and drill as we continue on below. Mostly, though, try to use as many official practice materials as you can. #3: English - Review the Basic Rules of English Review some basic grammar rules, including: Punctuation marks (and how they function) Basic sentence structures (and how they function) Parts of speech (and how they function) Now, it's all about how these concepts are put into practice. You won't be asked to parrot rules; you'll be asked to apply them to passages in context. As an experiment, take a text that you trust to be error-free, and work through part of it, identifying what's going on with the punctuation, structure, etc. That's "English" the language, not "English" the nationality. #4: Reading- Immerse Yourself in Literature Read (a lot). This doesn't have to mean holing up with a giant volume for hours on end- just keep reading on hand for spare moments throughout the day. Don't read just any old thing, though- Calvin and Hobbes is sadly not going to help. Read material that feels a little tough- newspapers, academic journals, challenging books, etc. Iknow you know how to read; that's not the issue. The question is your level of comfort with being immersed in a difficult text and your willingness to reach beyond your comfort zone. I've acted Shakespeare professionally, and it still takes me a little time to adjust to the language I'm hearing when I go see a Shakespearean play. That's because I'm not immersed in it every single day; it would be a different matter if I were. By loose analogy, getting regularly cozy with tricky writing leading up to the ACT will save you some discomfort on test day. Read critically and analytically, not passively. Engage with the text- ask questions, look for answers, and make observations. This is the quickest path to understanding a text on the level the ACT requires. The test is going to ask you questions that require more than a once-over, surface-level familiarity with the text, so, again, you'll be glad to be comfortable with the literary delving process on test day. #5: Math- Get to KnowYour Formulas The ACT, unlike the SAT, does not give you any kind of formula list- so get memorizing. The more complex geometric formulas will be given to you in the context of the question- but the bulk of it all you need to provide on your own. Memorize at least themost crucial formulas, and make sure you know how to apply them. #6: Science - Find Scientific Writing to Analyze Don't worry about cramming actual scientific facts and data- you should be more concerned with being able to interpret the facts and data being given to you. Read scientific publications with a decent reputation (like Popular Science), and spend extra time poring over all thecharts and graphs that you find. Beyond that, keep up the pace with drilling practice passages. #7: Writing - Debate, on Paper or in Person Outlining samples essays is, as one might suspect, golden. If, however, you just can't take any more silent, individual activity, try setting up a debate with fellow crammers- or even other friends or family members, if they're willing. It's a great way to get instant feedback on your ideas! The Writing test is all about argument, and learning how to articulate ideas clearly and effectively is of the utmost importance. Keep your debates civil, now. ACT Test-Taking Tips Cramming is a journey all its own, but don't forget that nothing's over until you turn in that test. Here are some ideas on how to get through test day. #8: Warm Up on the Morning Of Wake up early, giving yourself plenty of time to get ready and arrive at the test center. Take a moment to do a warm-up problem or two. Don't cram any more, but review a particularly nasty problem you've mastered or try a moderately difficult question that you haven't seen yet. This will warm your brain up a little- get the cobwebs out- without taxing it by tryingto cram more information in. #9: Mind Your Mindset Talk to yourself in a positive and supportive manner. Visualize what's going to happen over the course of themorning, and visualize yourself coming through with flying colors. #10: Guess When You Don't Know the Answer The ACT doesn't have a guessing penalty; a wrong answer won't gain you points, but it won't actually lose you any points, either. Do all the questions you're confident in. Next, make educated guesses where possible. Finally, put down answers for everything you're completely lost on. Take a moment now to read some additional guessing strategies prepared by our experts. Conclusion So there you have it: the techniques you need to cram your way to test day with the ACT. We've seen the importance of practicing as much as possible while maintaining a reasonable balance of work and self-care in your life. We've seen tips for each category on the test, and we've also covered test day do's and don't's. One of the biggest things left to say is: don't get stuck cramming if you can avoid it. If at all possible, think about taking the test again when you've had more time to prepare in a traditional fashion. Take it leisurely, next time around. What's Next? If you've read this and you're thinking you want to rely almost solely on the practice test side of things, check out our twenty-hour guide to prepping with mock exams. However you prepare, we here at PrepScholar wish you the best of luck on this test.If, though, it doesn't go as well as it might, we hope to see you back here as you prepare for the next one. One article that might come in handy covers your options with a low score. Don't think it's all over; you've got a few different paths you can take. For a morale boost, there's also our article examining whether your ACT scores really predict your future success.

How to Write a Good Research Paper on a History of the Middle East

How to Write a Good Research Paper on a History of the Middle East This is our last guide that covers tips and the pattern that you should follow when writing a research paper. Going through this guide will help you grasp the strategies and the right approach to write an impressive research paper. Let us have a recap. The very first guide, 10 facts for a research paper on the history of the Middle East, dealt with explaining the core events related to the Middle Eastern history. You can pick one fact and expand on it by selecting a topic from our second guide, 20 History of the Middle East Research Paper Topics. And now here we are in our last guide It contains all the techniques you should be looking forward to implementing in your research paper: Writing a Good Research Paper A good research paper depends on its structure. Presentation matters a lot, more than you think. Presentation The presentation lays out the setting and a general outline of the paper. It draws a brief picture of the paper. It might prove to be a smart thought to compose the presentation at the end after you have completed the exploration of your topic and figured out adequate information related to your topic. Introduction and Hypothesis Start with an introduction highlighting why you chose this topic and how you’re going to cover it. Next, lay out the possible structure that helps the reader to outline his or her perspective about the topic. Here you tell readers what you are going to test basically. For example, if you’re studying the role of Islam in the Middle Eastern history, your hypothesis can be: Islam impacts Middle Eastern politics. Research Research is very important no matter what your topic is. The research will help you open the door to grasp more ideas, methodologies, and strategies involved in writing a good research paper. You may also use your own methods of research such as getting questionnaires filled etc. Findings Here you will mention what youve learned using your research and present your ideas to the readers. Conclusion This section sums up your research paper. A summary is what is needed here. Conver all your research, ideas, thoughts and information and conclude them here, in the last. Write down points of interest in the hypothesis on the topic given to you. Final Verdict The mission of this guide was to give a general idea as for how to write a good research paper on the history of the Middle East. It contains essential techniques to compose, arrange and organize a well-presented research paper that looks professional. We also penned down various tips and tricks that focused on how to conduct research on a specific topic and how to accumulate information via references from viable sources. In the end, don’t forget to proofread your assignment and correct any minor mistakes that happen to be there.

HMV Group Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

HMV Group - Case Study Example This report highlights the various strategic options available to the HMV Group as well as an analysis of the potential effectiveness of these new strategies based on the current strategic position of the organisation. an isolated incident which did not stem from higher consumer patronage and online sales, but from the sale of HMV Japan (Bryant, 2008). It appears that HMV Group was experiencing minimal sales volumes in the Japanese division of the company, thus the sale of this particular business unit was performed in order to increase total company liquidity and make the company's stock appear more viable for long-term investment. The implementation of the Japanese HMV division did not bring adequate sales results to the company, thus this was an initial failure at diversifying the company's total business portfolio. Additionally, and much to the surprise of the HMV Group leadership, the company experienced its best Christmas sales in December 2008, largely due to video game sales in the HMV division (Financial Times, 2008). This seems to have taken the company on a new strategic direction by January 2009, with a much higher focus on video game sales and less focus on music sales and downloads. The 3.0 Strategic options for HMV Group The company is currently facing a considerable amount of competition stemming from the rise of online retailers, the digital download environment competitors and also supermarkets which appear to be attempting to cash in on music and other digital media sales (Bryant). There is no research evidence which suggests why consumers are moving toward supermarkets and online retailers for their music and digital media selections, however since these competitors are eroding the firm's total profitability, the company needs to select several new strategies in order to build competitive advantage and emerge, again, as the leader in this type of digital format sales. Pricing Strategy: From a sales and marketing perspective, the company would benefit from taking both a price-based strategy and a differentiation strategy in order to build the type of sales growth expected by the company. In today's difficult economic environment, it is relatively common knowledge that many consumers have cut back on their spending habits due to fear of the short-term effect on personal consumer income. The company should adopt a low price strategy and a

Marketing Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Marketing Strategy - Essay Example (Kar, Verbraeck, 2007) In the premature stages of the business, there is need to focus on the marketing blend that is the product, place, price and promotion to plan and bring together your marketing activities. When you launch having to solve problems like these below, then that is the time to begin thinking more about marketing strategy. To accomplish its objective of becoming the most extremely regarded telecommunications Service Company, T-Mobile set out to make straight its present and campaign management approaches. It sought a partner to help it develop a new, customer-centric business model. IBM Global Business Services worked with T-Mobile to develop an initial business case with projected paybacks and roadmap for accomplishing the goal of company of having a particular, event-based, consumer-centric operation management program for all of its subsidiaries. This solution condensed churn speed; the churn rate of one country subsidiary is predictable to improve to 2.8% from 3.2%, nearer to main competitors in that country. Inferior customer acquisition and preservation costs were realized through enhanced, embattled event-based campaigns. (Doole, Lowe, 2005) T-Mobile International wanted to change from a typical product-centric loom to campaign management that is running mainly promotions with pre-selected intention groups to a more customer-centric approach that are focusing on applicable events in the customers life span and facilitates real-time decision-making. It countenanced two main obstacles to accomplish its goals. Primary, the conventional, product-centric loom to promotion management was deeply well established in the company, and the advancement lacked both enough customer-centricity and elasticity to adjust to rapidly altering markets. Next, each of the European company subsidiaries had factually implemented its own promotion management solution, therefore preventing T-Mobile

Processing and Packaging of a Specified Prepared Chilled Food Product Essay

Processing and Packaging of a Specified Prepared Chilled Food Product - Essay Example This essay approves that the appropriate storage conditions labeled on packed chilled food further minimizes the risk of microbial contamination after processing and packaging. The declared minimal shelf life may be lost when improper storage conditions are used or when the storage conditions are not mentioned on product. Maintenance of appropriate temperature and sterilized environment during pre-processing and processing steps followed by controlled sterilized and chilled atmosphere during packaging and storage results in the effective storage of packed food. The regulation of temperature and sterilized conditions throughout, retards many of the risks generated due to microbial, physical, chemical and biochemical factors. The distribution of processed and packed chilled foods at low temperatures (i.e. refrigerating temperatures) after controlled packaging ensures safety and quality of food at the time of consumption and therefore, must be monitored throughout distribution chain. This report makes a conclusion that the contribution of chilled temperature environment plays a significant role in dealing with the identified microbiological, physical and chemical hazards that have potential to spoil packaged chilled food items. Furthermore, it’s the proper maintenance of sterilized conditions following strict inspection of quality of raw materials that ensure the production of safe food. The regulation of refrigerating temperatures during distribution and storage is equally important as chilling temperature prevent growth of microbes on pasteurized processed food.

Taliban vs Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Essay Example for Free

Taliban vs Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Essay Afghanistan is a mountainous land-locked country, which is one of the central Asian countries. In addition, it is an Islamic country that Islam religion has played a significant role in governing it. In Afghanistan Many governments had been changed in past several decades. For instance, the Kingdom of Amanullah Khan, the Kingdom of Mohammad Nadir Shah, Mohammad Zahir Shah, The Communist Regimes, the Islamic State of Afghanistan, Taliban Regime, Interim Government, Transitional Government, and the Islamic Republic Governments. As most of us agree that the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan changed very much in contrast to passed governments, especially Taliban Regime. This piece of writing concentrates on similarities and differences of Taliban Regime and the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan. The similarities are fewer among the mentioned governments; however, the differences between them are several. First the similarities will be discussed; secondly the differences will be pointed. The first similarity between these two governments is that in Taliban Regime laws and regulations of Islam was implemented and maintained in according with Sharia’s laws. It always tried to carry on the Islamic laws on people and disputes. There were three types of courts such as, Primary Court, Appealing Court, and Supreme Court. In a similar way, the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan is also trying to implement Islamic rules and regulations. It is also seeking to help people by solving the disputes by carrying on the rules of Islam. For solving the cases and disputes, the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan is structured three types of courts, for instance, Primary Court, Appealing Court, and Supreme Court. Another likeness between Taliban Regime and the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan is the centrality of government in Kabul. From the first invasion that Taliban did, they had the plan take the control over Kabul, after capturing the Kabul City, Taliban decided to establish their central government in Kabul City. For all of their time in government, their central government was located in Kabul. Similarly, the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, from the beginning of its government, the central government organizations are located in Kabul City. The third similarity between those two mentioned governments is the patronage of some foreign countries of both governments, Taliban Regime and the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan. When Taliban came to the power, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, and reportedly United States of America were the strongest supporters of Taliban Regime. The first country that supported them was Pakistan. Pakistan always announced their support of Taliban Regime. Furthermore, it also provided the Taliban Regime an enormous amount of money and military equipments. Likewise, the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan is also supported by some countries, such as, USA, some European Countries, Japan, India, Turkey, and many others. They all give any kinds of support for the government of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan. The most obvious difference among these two governments is in education. For example, in Taliban Regime, there were no education facilities for females. Females were not allowed to attend schools and universities. They were all far from education. Taliban’s thought was that if a girls or a woman go to school, they would learn not Islamic principles. In contrast, in the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, females are allowed to join schools, universities and other education centers to have education. Moreover, the government is also trying to provide opportunities for both males and females to get educated and even to complete their educations outside Afghanistan. The next very important difference between these two governments is entertainment. In Taliban Regime there was not any kind of entertainment for pleasure and enjoyments. There was just one TV and one radio station by the name Islamic State TV and Radio Station that showed and played just all the fundamental issues of Islam. There were no music, movies, cinemas, and parties. Even in wedding and other parties if someone played music, he or she would be punished and sent prison. On the other hand, In the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, there are more than twenty TV channels and almost eighty radio stations that bring enjoyments and pleasure in people’s lives. People can have music in their weddings and parties. They can play music, watch TVs, and listen to radios. Another distinction between these two mentioned governments was the governing system of each. For example, in Taliban Regime, the government was just over several provinces. They did not have control all over Afghanistan although they had a central government in Kabul. Their government was always in risk that one day it would be collapse. Some of the important offices were not run properly. There was not good management in ministries. Corruption was in most ministries, especially in courts. Instead, the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan contains a good and proper governing system. It is trying to offer chances of development for its employees and offices. It has got line by line authority of command. It is a selective government. There is National Assembly of Afghanistan. Furthermore, members for National Assembly of Afghanistan are selected by people. There are appropriate procedures of doing something in government offices. The other difference between Taliban Regime and the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan is that in Taliban Regime women were not allowed to get out of their houses lonely. And they were not allowed to walk lonely in the markets and streets. If a woman found alone in anywhere in the city, one of her family member would be punished. Conversely, there is no one that people would afraid of them in the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan women are free to go anywhere like restaurants and markets. The economical perspective is another difference among Taliban Regime and the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan. In most of the provinces of Afghanistan during the Taliban period were wars happening. Therefore, people lift their homes and went to other countries. There were no farmers, no engineers, no doctors, overall no professionals that could help Afghanistan’s economy to develop. The government income was very less but the prices for goods were so high. No one invested in Afghanistan because being insure about the future of government. In contrast, in the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, countries are hardly trying to invest in Afghanistan’s infrastructures. The government by itself is seeking to provide job opportunities for Afghan people. Professionals who lifted Afghanistan in Taliban Regime are coming back to their country to bring new ideas of development. In conclusion, it is now clear to most of us that Afghanistan had a very old history. Furthermore, the above facts show and indicate that Afghanistan passed a very difficult situation. The hardest situation that Afghanistan crossed through is the Taliban Regime. Although, some people are in support of Taliban Regime in past, but now some people are against them because of some difficulties in compare to this government, the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan. Although there are some similarities between these two governments, but there are several differences between them.